What To Know About Turkey?

You may wish to visit Turkey or you may planning to live in Turkey for long term. Here we assembled the most wondered about Turkey for you.

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1. What is the minimum investment required for Turkish citizenship by investment?

Turkish citizenship by investment is a common way to obtain Turkish citizenship. To gain Turkish citizenship the minimum investment amount is 400.000 USD or equivalent foreign currency.

2. Can foreign nationals buy property in Turkey?

Foreign nationals can buy property in Turkey. Although there are some restrictions depending on the location or type and amount of the property, in general, there is no obstacle for foreigners to acquire real estate in Turkey. In addition, if the property is to be purchased for obtaining a residence permit or citizenship, there are some requirements regarding the value, locatio, and qualification of the property for these transactions.

In any case, acquiring real estate in Turkey is a legal process involving the Land Registry and other public institutions, and we strongly recommend that you benefit from the support of a real estate lawyer to buy real estate in Turkey.

3. How does the Turkish judicial system work for foreigners?

The Turkish judicial system does not distinguish between Turkish citizens and foreigners and guarantees their equality before the judiciary. Interpreters are also provided for those who do not speak Turkish in criminal proceedings. It is also possible for foreigners to hire an English speaking lawyer and benefit from legal representation in all judicial proceedings.

4. What are the main types of work permits available in Turkey?

There are three types of work permits in Turkey, which are temporary work permits, permanent work permits, and independent work permits.

5. Is dual citizenship allowed in Turkey?

Turkish legislation permits dual citizenship, also known as multiple citizenship. Accordingly, it is possible for foreigners who acquire Turkish citizenship later, or Turkish citizens who acquire citizenship of another country later, or Turks who are entitled to more than one citizenship at birth to have dual citizenship.

6. What is the cost of living in Turkey compared to Europe?

The cost of living in Turkey includes many expenses such as rent, utility bills, food and transport. It is observed that the cost of living in Turkey is cheaper than in America, Canada or European countries.

7. How long does it take to process a Turkish residence permit?

Residence permit applications in Turkey are usually finalised within 90 days of application.

8. What are the benefits of obtaining Turkish citizenship?

Turkish citizenship in other words Turkish passport carries significant travel and visa benefits, including visa-free access to 126 countries, eligibility for a 10-year B-1/B-2 US vis, and a 5-year C-2 Schengen visa. Turkish citizens have unlimited entry and stay in Turkey and can apply for an E-2 visa to reside in the United States by investing in a business. In addition, Turkey provides opportunities for investors through its numerous free trade zones.

9. Are there any restrictions for foreigners purchasing agricultural land in Turkey?

Foreigners can purchase agricultural land in Turkey with some restrictions. The total area of land owned by a foreign individual cannot exceed 30 hectares (approximately 74 acres) across the country, and they are required to submit a project proposal for agricultural development.

10. What are the tax obligations for foreigners living in Turkey?

Tax law in Turkey mostly makes no distinction between Turks and foreigners. Foreigners living in Turkey are obliged to the same taxes as Turkish citizens, such as income tax, property tax, value-added tax, etc. Foreigners living in Turkey for more than six months in a calendar year are considered tax residents and are taxed on their worldwide income. However, foreigners from countries with double taxation treaties with Turkey may avoid paying taxes on the same income in both countries.

11.How does inheritance law apply to foreign nationals in Turkey?

Inheritance law in Turkey, it is possible for foreigners to become heirs or leave an inheritance. The inheritance is subject to the national law of the deceased. Turkish law shall apply to immovable property located in Turkey.

12. What is the legal age for marriage in Turkey?

The legal age of marriage in Turkey is seventeen. Neither a man nor a woman may marry until they reach the age of seventeen. The marriage of a man or woman who has reached the age of sixteen is possible in extraordinary cases and with the permission of a judge for a very important reason.

13. Can foreigners start a business in Turkey?

Yes, foreigners can start a business in Turkey. The process of starting a business in Turkey includes the steps of establishing a company, opening a bank account, obtaining the necessary permits and licences, etc.; and it is quite bureaucracy-free and easy. However, it would be extremely beneficial to get support from a commercial law attorney in Turkey while managing this whole process.

14. What are the rules for owning a vehicle as a foreigner in Turkey?

In Turkey, it is possible for foreigners to use their own vehicles for up to two years, as well as to purchase vehicles in Turkey. For this, the foreigner must have a residence permit in Turkey and meet certain requirements such as a foreigner identification number.

15. What are the most common legal issues faced by expats in Turkey?

First of all, the first legal issues that an expat in Turkey will encounter are the procedures within the scope of foreigners’ law such as residence permits and work permits. It is advisable to hire a immigration lawyer in Turkey to manage these processes. The most common problems faced by expats during their life in Turkey are title deed transactions, lease contract transactions, taxation and financial transactions, divorce and inheritance law issues, labour law issues such as wrongful termination or overtime.

16. How can foreigners open a bank account in Turkey?

In Turkey, it is possible for foreigners to open bank accounts in Turkish Lira or foreign currencies at banks operating in Turkey. For this purpose, foreigners may be asked for documents such as a passport, document identification number, proof of address, and telephone number in Turkey. It is also possible to open a bank account with a power of attorney.

17. Are there any restrictions on transferring funds out of Turkey?

Turkey does not impose direct restrictions on transferring money out of the country for most personal and business transactions, but there are certain regulations and procedures that individuals and businesses must follow. It is possible to send and receive money by Swift or Ria or Western Union. In addition, Paypal is not used in Turkey and Wise can only be used to send money abroad from Turkey.

18. What should be considered when signing a rental contract in Turkey?

When signing a lease contract in Turkey, make sure that it includes all the basic terms such as the rent amount, security deposit and the annual increase rate. Make sure that you are not under any extra obligations such as an eviction commitment. You may also need to have your rental agreement notarised for your residence permit applications.

19. How does Turkey’s healthcare system work for foreign residents?

Foreigners residing in Turkey can easily access public health services by registering to the SGK (Social Security Institution) system. Private health insurance is also an option. In residence permit applications, foreigners are required to submit health insurance to cover the duration of their stay.

20. What documents are required for applying for Turkish citizenship?

The documents to be submitted to apply for Turkish citizenship vary according to the types of Turkish citizenship to be applied for. However, documents such as a valid passport, clean criminal record are submitted in all application types. Documents such as a certificate of conformity are submitted if the application for obtaining Turkish citizenship in an exceptional way such as investment or real estate acquisition.

21. How can foreign investors register a company in Turkey?

Establishing a company in Turkey is a very easy process away from bureaucracy. To set up a company in Turkey, investors are required to prepare notarised articles of association, open a local bank account and register with the Trade Registry. Additional steps include obtaining a tax number and registering employees in the SGK (Social Security Institution) system. All these tasks can also be done through a lawyer you have given power of attorney for company incorporation.

22. What are the requirements for obtaining a Turkish student visa?

Obtaining a Turkish student visa requires an acceptance letter from a Turkish educational institution such as a language course or university, proof of sufficient financial resources, and a valid passport. Applicants must submit their documents to a Turkish consulate in their home country.

23. What legal steps should be taken when buying real estate in Turkey?

When purchasing property in Turkey, foreigners should verify the title deed and zoning status of the property through the Land Registry Directorate. It is also important to check whether there are any legal restrictions on foreign ownership in certain areas. Hiring a real estate lawyer for due diligence is highly recommended.

24. How does divorce law work for foreign nationals in Turkey?

Divorce law in Turkey applies equally to foreign nationals and Turkish citizens. The process begins with filing a divorce petition in court, and the grounds for divorce must align with Turkish Civil Code provisions. Hiring a Turkish divorce lawyer for legal assistance and the language barrier could be very beneficial for foreigners.

25. Can foreigners inherit property in Turkey?

Yes, foreigners can inherit property in Turkey and inheritance matters are regulated under the Turkish Civil Code. Foreign heirs are required to obtain a certificate of inheritance from Turkish courts and pay inheritance tax like Turkish nationals. It is advisable to consult a real estate lawyer on inheritance matters especially matters including real estate.

26. What are the regulations for employing foreign workers in Turkey?

Employing foreign workers in Turkey requires obtaining a work permit, typically tied to a specific job and employer. Employers must employ Turkish too in accordance with the jobs filled by foreigners. Compliance with labor laws and social security regulations is mandatory.

27. Is it mandatory to have private health insurance in Turkey?

Since private health insurance is mandatory for residence permits, and offers more flexibility and faster services in private hospitals, it is widely preferred by foreigners. However, foreign residents can also opt into the public SGK system with cheaper prices.

28. What are the visa-free countries for Turkish passport holders?

Turkish passport holders enjoy visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 100 countries, including Japan, South Korea, and much of South America. However, many European Union countries require a visa. Checking the latest situation is essential before travel.

29. How can I extend my tourist visa to Turkey?

Tourist visas in Turkey can generally not be extended; instead of a visa extension, you must apply for a short-term residence permit. This process requires proof of accommodation, financial stability, and a valid reason for staying. Applications are submitted through the Directorate General of Migration Management.

30. What are the common legal challenges in cross-border business transactions in Turkey?

Legal challenges include overcoming differences in tax laws, double taxation, ensuring compliance with local regulations, and managing disputes in contract enforcement. Language barriers and jurisdictional complexities may also arise. Engaging local legal experts and hiring Turkish lawyers can mitigate risks.

31. What is the process for adopting a child in Turkey as a foreigner?

Foreigners can adopt a child in Turkey by caring for the child for one year and meeting certain residency, income and background requirements. The process involves applying to the Ministry of Family and Social Policies and undergoing a comprehensive assessment. Court approval is required to finalise the adoption.

32. Are there any restrictions on sending remittances from Turkey?

Sending remittances from Turkey is generally unrestricted, but amounts over a certain threshold must be declared for compliance with anti-money laundering laws. Banks may request documentation for large transactions to ensure regulatory adherence.

33. How can foreigners get married in Turkey?

There is no distinction between Turkish nationals and  foreigners marrying in Turkey. Foreigners can marry in Turkey by presenting valid passports, birth certificates and a certificate of no disability. These documents must be translated and notarised.

34. What are the penalties for overstaying a visa in Turkey?

Overstaying visa in Turkey can result in fines, deportation, and a temporary ban from re-entering the country. The penalties vary based on the duration of the overstay. It’s recommended to resolve any visa issues before the expiration date.

35. How does the Turkish education system work for expat children?

Expat children in Turkey can attend public schools, private international schools, or bilingual institutions. Public schools offer free education, but the language of instruction is Turkish. Private schools provide diverse curricula, including IB and British systems.

39. What are the steps to apply for a long-term residence permit in Turkey?

To apply for a long-term residence permit, applicants must have lived in Turkey for at least eight consecutive years. Required documents include financial stability, health insurance and a clean criminal record. Applications are processed by the Directorate of Migration Management.

40. What are the main airports in Turkey?

Istanbul Airport (IST), Sabiha Gökçen International Airport (SAW), Antalya Airport (AYT), Ankara Esenboğa Airport (ESB), İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport (ADB) handle the majority of Turkey’s international and domestic air traffic.

41. What is the internet speed like in Turkey?

Internet speed in Turkey varies depending on the provider and location. Urban areas generally have good broadband connections with speeds ranging from 24 Mbps to 100 Mbps or higher. However, rural areas may experience slower connections.

42. What is the cultural etiquette in Turkey?

Cultural etiquette in Turkey emphasizes respect and hospitality. It’s customary to greet with a handshake or a kiss on both cheeks and remove shoes when entering a home. Avoid discussing sensitive topics like politics or religion unless invited to do so.

43. Are Turkish universities good for international students?

Turkish universities offer quality education with many internationally ranked institutions such as Boğaziçi University, Istanbul University, Koç University, and Middle East Technical University. Tuition fees, various programs, and campus life make these universities attractive for international students.

44. What are the best beaches in Turkey?

Some of the best beaches in Turkey include Ölüdeniz for its turquoise lagoon, Patara for its long sandy stretch, and Kaputaş Beach for its scenic cliffs. Bodrum and Antalya also offer a mix of lively and serene beach experiences.

45. What is the emergency number in Turkey?

The unified emergency number in Turkey is 112. 155 Police Emergency – 156 Gendarmerie Emergency – 158 Coast Guard – 110 Fire Alarm – 112 Sanitary Emergency – 177 Forest Fire Alarm – 122 AFAD numbers are unified under 112.

46. Can I drink tap water in Turkey?

While tap water in Turkey is safe for cleaning and cooking, it’s not commonly consumed due to taste and possible mineral content. Most people prefer bottled or filtered water for drinking.

47. What is the Turkish Grand Bazaar?

The Grand Bazaar is one of the most important and most visited tourist attractions in Istanbul. With more than 4,000 shops, it is one of the oldest and largest covered bazaars in the world. The bazaar, where jewelry, carpets, spices, and Turkish souvenirs are sold, offers a different and pleasant shopping experience.

48. What is the best time to visit Turkey?

The best time to visit Turkey is during spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October) when the weather is mild and ideal for exploring cities, beaches, and historical sites. Summer is perfect for coastal vacations, while winter is great for skiing.

49. What is the Turkish Blue Card?

The Blue Card is a special foreigners’ law status that grants former Turkish citizens who have renounced their citizenship the right to live, work and own property in Turkey. It provides privileges similar to citizenship without political rights such as voting.

50. What is the most popular sport in Turkey?

Football is the most popular sport in Turkey, with passionate fans supporting major clubs like Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe, and Beşiktaş. Other popular sports include basketball, volleyball, and wrestling.

51. Do Turkish people celebrate Christmas?

Christmas is not a widely celebrated holiday in Turkey as the majority of the population is not Cristian. However, New Year’s Eve is celebrated. In addition, secular and Christian communities may celebrate Christmas and festive decorations are common in tourist areas throughout December.

52. What are the national holidays in Turkey?

National holidays in Turkey include Republic Day (October 29), Victory Day (August 30), and Children’s Day (April 23) and Youth and Sports Day(May 19).

53. What are the best souvenirs to buy in Turkey?

Popular souvenirs from Turkey include Turkish carpets and rugs, ceramics, and Nazar (evil eye) charms. Other favorites are Turkish delight, spices, and high-quality leather goods. Local crafts like handwoven textiles and jewelry also make excellent keepsakes.

54.Can I travel between cities in Turkey by train?

Yes, Turkey has an extensive railway network connecting major cities. High-speed trains operate between key routes like Istanbul, Ankara, and Konya, offering a comfortable and efficient travel option. Slower regional trains connect smaller towns and scenic areas.

55. What is Hagia Sophia?

Hagia Sophia is an iconic historical site in Istanbul, originally built as a Byzantine cathedral in 537 AD. It has served as a mosque, museum, and, since 2020, a mosque again. Its stunning architecture and mosaics attract millions of visitors annually.

56. Can I drive in Turkey with a foreign driver’s license?

Foreigners can drive in Turkey with an international driver’s license or a valid license from their home country, typically for up to six months. After that, they may need to convert their license to a Turkish one, depending on their residency status.

57. What is the currency used in Turkey?

Turkish lira (sign: ₺; ISO 4217 code: TRY; abbreviation: TL) is the currency of Turkey.

58. Do I need a visa to travel to Turkey?

Whether you need a visa to travel to Turkey depends on your nationality. Many countries are eligible for visa-free entry or an e-Visa, which can be obtained online. It’s essential to check the latest Turkish visa requirements for your specific country before planning your travel.

59. What is the official language of Turkey?

The official language of Turkey is Turkish. The younger generation often also speaks English as a second language.

60. What are the best cities to visit in Turkey?

Some of the best cities to visit in Turkey include Istanbul for its historic landmarks and cultural blend, Cappadocia (Nevşehir) for its unique landscapes and hot air balloon rides, and Antalya for its beaches and ancient ruins. Other popular destinations are Izmir, Bodrum, and Ankara, each offering distinct experiences.

61. Can foreigners use credit card in Turkey?

Yes, credit cards are widely accepted in Turkey,almost everywhere. Visa and Mastercard are the most commonly accepted cards.

62. What is the climate like in Turkey?

Turkey has a diverse climate due to its size and geography. Coastal areas like the Mediterranean and Aegean regions have hot summers and mild winters, while the interior experiences a continental climate with hot summers and cold, snowy winters. Spring and autumn offer pleasant weather throughout the country.

63. Can I own property in Turkey as a foreigner?

Yes, foreigners can own property in Turkey. Buying property is a straightforward process, often including title deed registration. Property ownership can also qualify for Turkish citizenship under some other specifications.

64. What are the public transportation options in Turkey?

Public transportation options in Turkey include buses, minibusses (dolmuş), metro systems in cities like Istanbul and Ankara, and ferries in coastal areas. Intercity buses and trains are also popular for traveling between regions. Ride-hailing apps and taxis are readily available in urban areas.

65. What is the Turkish Raki?

Turkish Raki is a traditional alcoholic beverage made from distilled grapes and aniseed, often referred to as “lion’s milk” due to its cloudy appearance when mixed with water. It’s typically enjoyed with meze dishes and holds cultural significance during social gatherings.

66. How can I get a SIM card in Turkey?

You can get a SIM card in Turkey from major providers like Turkcell, Vodafone, or Türk Telekom. SIM cards are available at airports, retail stores, and kiosks. A valid passport is required for registration, and prepaid plans are ideal for tourists.

67. What is the most popular Turkish food?

The most popular Turkish food is kebab, with varieties like döner, şiş, and Adana kebab enjoyed nationwide. Other beloved dishes include börek, Turkish pide (flatbread), and meze platters. For dessert, baklava and Turkish delight are iconic choices.

68. What are Turkey’s main religions?

Turkey is officially a secular state. The majority religion in Turkey is Islam, with most identifying as Sunni Muslims. There are also small communities of Christians, Jews, and other faiths, reflecting the country’s diverse cultural and historical heritage.

69. What is the time zone in Turkey?

The standard time zone in Turkey is UTC/GMT +3 hours.

70. How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites are in Turkey?

Turkey is home to 19 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including iconic locations with historical or natural value like Cappadocia, Ephesus, Pamukkale, and Göbekli Tepe.

71. Is tipping customary in Turkey?

Tipping is a very common behaviour in Turkey, but it is not mandatory. A tip of 5-10% of the bill can be leaved in restaurants or small tips can be leaved for the services such as taxi drivers or tour guides based on the quality of service.